Tuesday, 24 February 2015

Stop motion animation





Model based animation 

Clay based animation is normally a very wacky variation of animation with inhuman pre portion and strange visuals. to make model based stop motion animation you would take a picture then move the model a little bit then take another picture. Keep on doing that and you've got you're stop motion animation. Most mainstream clay based animations are for children, however some animations are more suitable for adult audiences. 'Claymation' was trademarked in 1978 by Will Vinton, however clay based animation has been around since the early 1900's

http://www.brighthub.com/multimedia/video/articles/59445.aspx


This is a special christmas episode of the show community where they changed the show from a live action format to a full stop motion episode. in the episode there are new enviroments and new character models which really takes advantage of the possibilities of clay based animation. 
The episode came out on the 9th of December in 2010. Directed by Duke Johnson.





This is an episode of wallace and gromet which has a model man and a dog which acts like an adult in the animation which is something you couldn't do in live action.  







Pingu is a famous children's show which takes advantage of stop motion animation to make a family of penguins come to life in a Antarctic like environment. the animation involves cooking, eating and a penguin riding a sledge along the snow. 

Pixilation animation 

Pixilation animation takes the same concepts as the other types of stop motion animation but it differentiates itself by applying these techniques to a live action setting instead of a paper or digital format. To make a pixilation animation you take a picture, move slightly and them take a picture and proceed to do that till the pixilation animation is done. Different to other types of stop motion animation you will have to think about how you can creatively use pixalation to justify using it above normal live action entertainment because it isn't a digital experience.


The pixilation makes the video more entertaining because of the pixilation animation. It works well with the video instead of against it. The part with the Mario parody works well with the type of animation used in the video.












Cut out animation 

Use real life objects as a tool for you're animation (normally something thats paper like). A few shows are made like this such as south park. To make a cut out animation you need to have cut out something (whatever you want) and move in slightly every time you take a picture. It works a lot like the other forms of stop motion animation that we have talked about before. 


This show is normally computer animated with a cut out style however one episode is fully paper based cut out as they didn't have a contract with comedy central at the time.


Here are some facts about the show and how it is made.

This is an old piece of cut out animation using silhouettes. Lotte Reiginer, the creator was known as a pioneer of cut out animation.


Lotte Reigner 



Lotte Reiniger was a German animator who made the adventures of prince Achmed, The HPO and Daumlienchen. She was known as a leading pioneer in silhouette animation.

http://animationresources.org/category/lotte-reiniger/

 Timelapse 

A timelapse is a series of still frames that have been played in quick succession. to get an effective timelapse you will leave the camera to take photos for a long time and then speed it up in post production. Timelapses can be both good or bad, depending on what you put in front of the camera will decide whether your timelapse will be good or not. A frequently used scene for a timelapse is the sky or some sort of interesting extreme weather like tornados. The core idea of a timelapse is to film a slow moving and changing image into something faster and more interesting. George Melies was the first one to incorporate timelapse into his films which is one of the reasons it is debated to be a form of animation or not as it was used in a normal live action film instead of an animation. 



At 2:51 and 3:15 you have a timelapse of the road.



This timelapse shows of the american skys and other nice looking locations. using the timelapse people can view the different interesting things that the sky does without having to wait for days for it all to happen.

Here we see a slow process sped up for the sake of keeping the audiences attention. If the video wasn't time lapsed then it would have been considerably longer and may have lost a lot of peoples attention.

Cell based animation 

Cell based animation is the digital equivalent to the other types of stop motion animation. Unlike regular 2d digital animation the cell based animation uses the same rules as the other stop motion animation in that you move the the figure slightly then create a new frame  and repeat until you have your stop motion animation. Although cell based animation used to be completely drawn it has recently gone digital. Early examples of cell based animation would be disney's beauty and the beast as well as other tv shows not produced by Disney such as the Flintstones and Scooby doo.   

Here is an example of a cell based animation which wasn't digital. The video shows the basic principles of cell based animation. 



This video shows the two different versions of the Simpsons opening sequence which shows both the digital and drawn types of cell based animation.


Walt Disney 


Walt Disney is the founder of the conglomerate Disney which has made a large amount of animated and is the most well known animating studio in the west. He is the creator of the iconic figure Mickey mouse which is still relevant to kids in the modern day. One of the first cartoons made with Mickey was the steamboat Willie  which is Iconic and is referenced every time western animation is discussed. He went on to make more and more classics such as Snow white and the seven dwarfs, Pinocchio, Dumbo, Bambi and fantasia, All of which won awards and are still watched to this day.

http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000370/





Other information about stop motion animation and the different devices can be found in the location.
http://chrispalmercreativemedia.blogspot.co.uk/2014/11/history-of-2d-animation-george-melies.html






The persistence of vision theory 

The persistence of vision theory is the idea that when you look at something an after image is left on your retina for approximately one sixteenth of a second. The theory was disproved in 1912 by Wertheimer but is still discussed in modern media theory.


This is an example of a persistence of vision. If you stare at it for a while then close your eyes for a little bit then open them the image will be projected wherever you look for a while.


George Melies 



George Melies was a French film maker as well as a Illusionist. George Melies was responsible for the film  A Trip To The Moon which had a scene where the use of stop motion photography makes the  moon  slowly approach the camera and then would then be hit by a rocket. This was the first signs of animation in the film industry.

http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0617588/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm











Winsor McCay 




Winsor McCay was and American cartoonist who started out working in an American magazine, making small cartoon strips. After four years he made the animated cartoon called 'Little Nemo' which was his first piece until 1913 when he made his most popular animated cartoon 'Gertie the dinosaur' which became a big hit. People were amazed by how McCay could interact with his cartoon while it was being animated. He did this by drawing ten thousand different images while re drawing the background every time. Winsor McCay was inspired the flip book and how that produced animations using lots of images in quick succession.

http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0565560/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/15/winsor-mccay-google-logo-little-nemo-doodle_n_1966649.html


Early animation devices 



Phenakistope



The Phenakistope is another device which was used to view short animations. To use the Phenakistope you would put the device in front of a mirror and then spin the device to see the images move and create the illusion of a moving image.

The Phenakistope was made by Joesph Plateau in 1941.

http://www.mhsgent.ugent.be/engl-plat5.html
http://courses.ncssm.edu/gallery/collections/toys/html/exhibit07.htm



Zoetrope 

The Zoetrope is a device which is used to view pre animated animations. The Zoetrope can only be used to view one animations because there is only one set of pictures on the device. The Zoetrope works in a very similar way to a flip book by presenting multiple images in a quick succession to create the illusion of movement.

The Zoetrope was invented by William George Horner in 1833.










Kinetoscope 



The Kinetoscope was an invention by W.K.L Dickson who was an employee of Edison, he was hired to create the Kinetoscope which was used to view short films. The device is driven with an electric motor which would spin the film around a wheel with sprocket holes in the film. A light would be shinned on the film so you could watch the short film. To view the film you would put both of your eyes on the top of machine and look down to view the film.

The Kinetoscope had a prototype released in 1892. 










Mutoscope



The mutoscope is a cheaper, simpler version of of the kinetoscope. It operates on the same principle as the flip book. It also only allows one person to view the animation at a time. Each card would be attached to a circular core known as a rolodex which has about 850 cards which would last about one minute of film.  












he flip book technique 

One basic form of animation is the flip book technique which to put a different image on every page. The idea is to create the same image but slightly different. Once flicked through quickly you should see the illusion of movement. The same principle is applied in some of the devices listed above such as the Zoetrope and the Phenakistope which revolve around the same idea as the flip book. 

An example of which is used in the film hot fuzz. This shows that you must flick the pages very quickly to produce the illusion of a moving picture.  
Posted by at

No comments:

Post a Comment

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)