Unit 7:Understanding media structure and ownership
Introduction
This assignment is about the structure and ownership in the media. I shall be mentioning the film indusrtry, the tv industry,games, advertisement, interactive media and photo imaging. I will also be talking about conglomerates and how they affect the industry that they are in. I will be talking about merges and takeovers between companies.
Film
The film industries purpose is to entertain a wide audience with one long story. Films can either be adaptations of books or they can be their own original story. The film industry is massive. In 2012 the film industry made 10.8 billion dollars. Films can range in genre from horror to comedy, with action and romantic comedies. There were 374,000 employees in 2010. Ebay created 750,000 small jobs. (Both the information and statistics are from the link below)
https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20111212/02244817037/congressional-research-service-shows-hollywood-is-thriving.shtml
https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20111212/02244817037/congressional-research-service-shows-hollywood-is-thriving.shtmlDisney is a major film conglomerate. Disney has made 53 feature films, ranging from 1930 to 2014 and still going strong.They own lots of different companies including.
http://disney.wikia.com/wiki/Walt_Disney_Pictures- Walt Disney pictures
- Touchstone Pictures
- Hollywood Pictures
- Caravan pictures
- Beuna visit home
- Entertainment
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/cool/giants/disney.html
Walt disney has 166,000 employees and works in 40 different countries which shows that Disney has a massive influence in the film industry. Disney made 6.1 billion dollars in september 2013 discounting the 2.2 billion from the theme park. as you can see Disney plays a massive part in the film industry
http://disneycareers.com/en/about-disney/global-footprint/
The most expensive squeal was Pirates of the Caribbean: at worlds end. It cost 450 million dollars. It earned 963,420,425 at the box office. As you can see it made a lot of money. It was produced by walt disney productions and Jerry Bruckheimer productions.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirates_of_the_Caribbean:_At_World%27s_End#Box_office
20th century fox
http://wallstreet.wikia.com/wiki/20th_Century_Fox
20th century fox is a big film corporation. Made in 1935 and still going today. 20th century fox is a merger company made by fox film corporation and 20th century pictures. Founded by Joseph M Schenck, Darryl F Zanuck and William fox. 20th century fox is known as a big distributer for successful films, including both animated and live action such as, Alvan and the chipmunks and avatar. From the film avatar 20th century fox made $749,766,139 dollars.
http://www.boxofficemojo.com/studio/chart/?studio=fox.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_Century_Fox
Games
The games industry has gotten really big over the years and has advanced with leaps and bounds over the years advancing with new technology to make games look and feel better. I shall be talking about the major companies in the game industry, how much money they make and how many employees they have as well as the total employee count in the industry. I will be talking about things surrounding the games industry such as games journalism in the form of major websites and independent personalities who work through youtube to discuss and debate about the games industry.
http://www.n3rdabl3.co.uk/2014/01/game-uk-make-huge-sales-possible-change-come/
Microsoft
Microsoft are the owners of the xbox. They are known for making lots of different software but when it comes to games they are known for the xbox and the latest xbox one that was released last year. They are also known for creating operating software which many pc gamers use. They have a massive influence in the games industry, having the ability for pay companies to exclusively release titles onto their console alone making consumers buy their console to play those certain games.
Microsoft's numbers of employees. As you can see the table only shows the amount of employees in the usa and it still has a massive number of employees. However it doesn't show how many are in the games part of Microsoft.
http://news.microsoft.com/facts-about-microsoft/
Microsoft's Revenue growth
http://news.microsoft.com/facts-about-microsoft/
This graph shows Microsoft's growth, revenue and income.
Tripple A games are games that have a high budget and are worked on by massive development teams. These games are given a lot of media attention such as adverts bill boards and games journalism attention. On the other side of the spectrum there are indie games which have a lower budget and can have small development teams, even being a one man team.
Big budget game
Star wars the old republic a massively multi player online (mmo) had the budget of nearly 200 million dollars it was made by ea and bioware however this game didn't do well and was forced to change to free to play to try and recover the losses. The reason why the game didn't do well because of it's competitor world of warcraft made by blizzard. World of warcraft almost has a monopoly over the mmo market.
TV
Television is the broadcasting of series based stories. The series that are broadcast have many different genres
- Comedy
- Action
- Drama
- Horror
- Sport
- Sitcom
- Soap
- Cartoon
- Kids
- Reality
And much more.
The film industry has been around for a long time and has changed the way that film is made several times. It has gone from literally cutting film with scissors to a full digital age, and thats just the editing side, camera quality has increased dramatically as well as the new techniques used for cinematography.
The film industry has jobs such as
The film industry has been around for a long time and has changed the way that film is made several times. It has gone from literally cutting film with scissors to a full digital age, and thats just the editing side, camera quality has increased dramatically as well as the new techniques used for cinematography.
The film industry has jobs such as
- Director
- Producer
- Cinematographer
- Location manager
- Production Accountant
- Screen Player writer
- Actors
- Sound director
- Camera operator
- Gaffer
- Art director
There are a few more jobs which are sub categories of the ones listed, for example you have assistant directors and assistant camera operators.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_crew
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_crew
Comedy Central
Comedy central is a cable satalite tv channel which is based in America. It was started in 1989 and is still going today. It is a comedy based channel which has shows such as friends and two and a half men. The channel is owned by Viacom media networks. Comedy central broadcasts internationally but it isn't a free channel. The channel has about 499 employees and makes about 25 million pounds per year. As you can see comedy central is a big channel which has a large amount of employees and a large revenue with big name channels such as friends and south park.
Disney
Disney also has a television channel which has there own exclusive shows on the channel. The Disney channel was started in 1983 and has other sub channels that have branched from it, such as Disney junior, Disney XD and Disney cinemagic. All channels are broadcasted nationwide and it is based in America.
Radio
Radio is a type of broadcasting which is based on the audience hearing the content through a radio. Radio is produced through radio stations which can broadcast live shows or pre recorded shows which is when the content that is shown to the listener is made before broadcast ed live. Radio shows can be news orientated, music based or a chat show kind of show. Most radio shows have an element of music in them weather it be musical ques made by the radio broadcasters or music between interviews and discussions.
Kerrang
http://www.kerrangradio.co.uk/on-air/playlist/
Kerrang has a radio station which is primarily a music show. They play rock music ranging from classic and modern, such as the foo fighters and bring me the horizon. Kerrang only broadcasts in the united kingdom on DAB and Freeview. This radio station was set up in 2004 and is still going today. Kerrang radio is linked to the magazine which is the top selling rock music magazine in Britain which gives the radio station a lot of promotion and a lot of views as a result.
BBC Radio 4
BBC radio 4 is owned by the British media company the BBC. Radio 4 replaced BBC home service in 1967 and is still going on now. Radio 4 is renowned as a talk/news show and has usually got interviews discussing topics relevant to the current time. However it has had comedy shows such as have I got news for you which later went on to become a television series.
Publishing
This segment is about written material such as newspapers, magazines ad other written material. Magazines are a less formal format of media and normally doesn't talk about worldwide topics like natural disasters but instead talks about celebrity's lives, music or television shows. Newspapers are more formally written and discuss worldwide topics such as politics, conflicts and natural disasters.
This is a chart which shows how much the biggest publishers from 2006-2013. The biggest publisher's revenue ranges from 8.6 billion dollars 9.7 billion.
OK! magazine
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OK! is a magazine which talks about celebrities daily activities and the events that happen in their life weather it be as big as them having a child or a new haircut. The magazine is published weekly. The editor is Kristy Tyler. The magazine is a British magazine which is available in the united kingdom, Ireland, US, Canada, Mexico, Middle East, Australia, Russia, Thailand, and Malaysia. This kind of magazine is aimed at a younger audience; 15-29. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OK!
The guardian
The guardian is a British newspaper which talks about politics, international conflicts, poverty and natural disasters. The guardian is a daily newspaper which is only distributed in Britain. The newspaper was founded in 1821, however it was under a different name until 1959 when it became the guardian. The guardian is currently edited by Alan Rushbridger. The guardian is for an older audience, 30+. It is said that the guardian is slightly left wing biased. Alan Rushbringer had a slary of 438,000 pounds before being cut down to 395,000. "the Guardian employs 1,600 people worldwide, including 583 five journalists and a 150 digital developers, designers, and engineers."
Animation
Animation is a visual medium which is with a computer. Instead of having actors perform on camera, characters are made up or drawn on the computer and moved around on the screen. Actors are still used but they instead use their voices, these actors are called voice actors because of the use of their voice more than anything else. Animation can be cartoons, anime or CGI in films and tv.
Trigger
Studio Trigger is a studio that is based in Japan and has made
- Project x zone
- Inferno cop
- Little witch academia
- Kill la kill
- When supernatural battles become common place
- Black dynamite.
Studio trigger was founded in august of 2011 but was revealed in October of the same year. The founders Hiroyuki Imaishi and Masashiko Ohtsuka were apart of studio Gainax before leaving to create studio trigger. Even though they are a relatively new studio they are quite well known for their work in previous works when working under gainax as well as their new works being very well received.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigger_(company)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigger_(company)
Bones
Studio bones is a Japanese studio which creates anime. They have created series and films that are either a manga adaptation that they have been given the license for or it is a piece of their original work. They were founded in 1998 and are still producing work to this day, The founders are Masashiko Minami, Hiroshi Osaka and Toshihiro Kawamoto.
Interactive Media
Interactive media are digital systems which let the users' actions to effect what happens on the screen. Interactive media includes things likes apps for computers and mobile phones. Interactive Media are in a format of animation, text, graphics, video, audio and games.
Apple store
The apple store is a app store that is available on the majority of their products. This apple store allows you to download a range of apps with a range of different genres as well as prices, some apps are free and some apps are very expensive. The app vip black is 999.99 dollars and is described as a millionaires app, Where as social media such as facebook, twitter and instagram are all free and are incredibly popular.
Google play
Google play is a app store on android devices. It works in the same way that the app store works in which you can get several apps from a range of prices. But this service is only for android devices and was developed by google. Although some apps or on both systems some are exclusive to google play such as google camera and some specific games. The most expensive app on the google play store is 'got cash?' it costs 200 dollars. However like the app store the most popular apps are the social media apps.
Advertisement and marketing
Advertisement and marketing is the industry which is in control of what adverts you see on tv, before a film, youtube and other things such as website adverts and adverts on games. The aim of advertisement is to bring traffic and attention to a product, this is normally done by showing a short clip of the product and some times includes people talking about the product in a positive light. These adverts can sometimes incliude statistics that are in favor of the product. Adverts can also be on bilboards to advertise while you are driving, these normally have a picture of the product and a name of a place where you can purchase it.
Marketing is the methods that companies use to try and persuade you to buy the product. This includes things such as slogans, the design of the product and it's packaging, these are normally based on what kind of audience the product is targeting.
Photo imaging
Photo imaging includes photography and photo editing software. Photo imaging can be used to fix broken or damaged images or it can be used to edit images, like adding in new things or replacing objects in the photo. Photo imaging can also be used to enhance the image to make it look better and sell for more, this is done by the use of filters on the images.
Adobe Photoshop
Adobe photoshop is the most popular photo imaging software. It was developed by adobe. It's first release was in 1990 but has been updated several times since release. Photoshop is available on the majority of major operating devices including apple and windows. Photoshop has a range of tools including cropping, coloring and magic wand tool, and many more. With photoshops range of tools you can do everything that is needed for photo imaging. Photoshop costs 17.98 pounds per month.
Conglomerates
Conglomerates are big companies which have either undertook a lot of merges or a takeovers. A merge is when two companies become one and work together equally, they combine their profits and work effort. A takeover is when one company buys another and completely takes over all of the profits and the staff. The ownership is then handed over to the buying company.
News corperation/ Rupert Murdoch
News corporation is a massive multinational media corporation on a massive scale. In 2009 news corporation was the third largest entertainment network in the world. The owner of news corporation is Rupert Murdoch who is a very rich, influential business man, He is also the founder of new corporation. News corporation became the second largest media outlet before splitting in 2013.
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